{"product_id":"tutorperini-marketing-mix","title":"Tutor Perini Marketing Mix","description":"\u003cdiv class=\"pr-shrt-dscr-wrapper orange\"\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"pr-shrt-dscr-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"pr-shrt-dscr-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Magnifier-Icon.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eYour Shortcut to a Strategic 4Ps Breakdown\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"pr-shrt-dscr-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDiscover how Tutor Perini’s product offerings, pricing structure, distribution channels, and promotional tactics combine to secure construction-market advantage—this concise preview hints at strategic strengths and gaps; purchase the full 4P’s Marketing Mix Analysis for an editable, data-driven report that saves research time and equips professionals with ready-to-use insights for presentations, benchmarking, or strategic planning.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"text-section text-1_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"frst_big_letter_heading\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"frst_big_letter_letter green\"\u003eP\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"frst_big_letter_text\"\u003eroduct\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-wrapper green\"\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"sub-highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/MARKETING-MIX-Content-Product-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eHeavy Civil Infrastructure Services\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTutor Perini’s Heavy Civil Infrastructure Services deliver bridges, tunnels, and mass transit works, targeting public agencies and large municipal programs; backlog in 2024 stood at about $2.1B, with heavy civil a core segment.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese projects supply high-durability infrastructure for urban growth and regional connectivity, often tied to federal\/state funds like the 2021 Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act allocations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy end-2025 the firm had adopted advanced materials and sustainable engineering—low-carbon concrete mixes and corrosion-resistant alloys—reducing lifecycle emissions by an estimated 12% on recent projects.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"sub-highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/MARKETING-MIX-Content-Product-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eVertical Building Solutions\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVertical Building Solutions offers full-service general contracting for healthcare, hospitality, and government projects, handling site prep through final finishes and meeting strict codes and timelines.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn 2024 Tutor Perini reported 18% of revenue from building segments (roughly $520M of $2.9B total revenue), with gross margins near 6.5% on vertical projects due to complex scopes and subcontracting intensity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProducts are customized for private developers and institutions, emphasizing architectural fidelity, program-specific MEP systems, and delivery confidence—average contract size ~$45M and backlog contribution ~22% as of Q4 2024.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"image-section image-1_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/MARKETING-MIX-Content-Product-Image.svg\" alt=\"Explore a Preview\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/MARKETING-MIX-Content-Product-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSpecialty Contracting Expertise\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThrough subsidiaries, Tutor Perini provides specialized mechanical, electrical, and plumbing services that integrate with its general contracting work, improving control over complex technical systems and reducing change orders by an estimated 12% on integrated projects in 2024.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy late 2025 the firm had expanded offerings to include smart-building installs and high-efficiency HVAC packages, targeting 15% energy savings for clients and adding about $120 million in backlog across specialty divisions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-green-section\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-green-section4\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-green-section\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/MARKETING-MIX-Content-Product-Icon-Color-2.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eDesign-Build Project Delivery\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-green-section blur_box\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTutor Perini’s design-build offering gives one-contract accountability for design and construction, cutting average delivery time by ~20% versus design-bid-build and lowering design-related change orders by ~30% based on 2024 industry benchmarks.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClose early collaboration with architects and engineers helps optimize costs and schedule; Tutor Perini reported design-build awards worth $1.1B in 2024, reflecting market preference for faster, lower-risk delivery.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSingle-point responsibility — fewer disputes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e~20% faster delivery (industry avg)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e~30% fewer design change orders\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e$1.1B design-build awards (Tutor Perini, 2024)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_orange\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-green-section4\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-green-section\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/MARKETING-MIX-Content-Product-Icon-Color-2.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003ePre-construction and Management Consulting\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-green-section blur_box\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePre-construction and management consulting provides feasibility studies, cost estimates, and value engineering so clients can confirm projects are viable and aligned with long-term goals before breaking ground.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn 2024 Tutor Perini reported 12% higher pre-construction win rates after offering these services, with early-stage consulting reducing bid-stage cost overruns by ~8% on awarded projects.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFeasibility studies: reduce project cancelations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCost estimates: improve budget accuracy ~8%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eValue engineering: increases ROI and buildability\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrives repeat selection for construction phases\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_orange\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/MARKETING-MIX-Content-Product-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eTutor Perini: $2.9B in 2024, $2.1B civil backlog, $1.1B design-build momentum\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTutor Perini’s product mix combines heavy civil, vertical building, MEP specialties, design-build, and pre-construction services—2024 revenue $2.9B, heavy civil backlog $2.1B, building revenue $520M (18%), design-build awards $1.1B, specialty backlog +$120M; integrated services cut change orders ~12% and delivery time ~20%.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"tbl_prdct green_head blur_tbl\"\u003e\n\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMetric\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth\u003e2024\/2025\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eTotal revenue\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e$2.9B (2024)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eHeavy civil backlog\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e$2.1B (2024)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBuilding rev\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e$520M (18%)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eDesign-build awards\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e$1.1B (2024)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eSpecialty backlog add\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e$120M (2025)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_orange\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-includes\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eWhat is included in the product\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Word-Icon.svg\" alt=\"Word Icon\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDetailed Word Document\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDelivers a concise, company-specific deep dive into Tutor Perini’s Product, Price, Place, and Promotion strategies, grounded in real practices and competitive context.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"plus-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Plus-Icon.svg\" alt=\"Plus Icon\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Excel-Icon.svg\" alt=\"Excel Icon\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCustomizable Excel Spreadsheet\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSummarizes Tutor Perini’s 4Ps in a concise, presentation-ready format that helps leadership and cross-functional teams quickly align on product, price, place, and promotion strategies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"text-section text-2_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"frst_big_letter_heading\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"frst_big_letter_letter orange\"\u003eP\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"frst_big_letter_text\"\u003elace\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-wrapper orange\"\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"sub-highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/MARKETING-MIX-Content-Place-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003ePrimary Market Focus in North America\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTutor Perini concentrates operations across the United States and Canada, targeting states and provinces with high infrastructure needs—California, Texas, New York, Ontario, and Quebec—where public construction budgets exceeded $180 billion in 2024.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis North America focus leverages the firm’s deep knowledge of local regulations and unionized labor markets, helping win 68% of its 2024 public bids and preserve a 7.4% backlog-to-revenue ratio.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGeographic concentration enables efficient resource allocation, shorter mobilization times, and sustained partnerships with regional government clients, supporting $1.2 billion in regional contract awards in 2024.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"sub-highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/MARKETING-MIX-Content-Place-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eDecentralized Subsidiary Network\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOperating through a decentralized subsidiary network, Tutor Perini maintains physical offices in 25+ US metropolitan areas, letting specialized subsidiaries serve local clients with regional expertise while leveraging parent-company scale.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach subsidiary acts as a regional hub, offering local responsiveness yet supported by Tutor Perini’s $3.2B 2024 revenue and $220M cash balance, combining contractor agility with national financial backing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis structure lets the firm run 150+ active large projects across multiple time zones and U.S. jurisdictions, improving project overlap management and mitigating single-market cyclical risk.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"image-section image-2_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/MARKETING-MIX-Content-Place-Image.svg\" alt=\"Explore a Preview\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/MARKETING-MIX-Content-Place-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eStrategic Project Site Offices\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cpfor every major tutor perini contract the firm sets up dedicated on-site project offices to run day-to-day operations enforce safety and coordinate subcontractors on recent large projects these sites cut response times by helped keep change-order rates under in temporary act as control hub so management stays accessible crews clients boosting quality-control inspections weekly cycles helping meet aggressive schedules on-time delivery rose\u003e\n\u003c\/pfor\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-orange-section\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-orange-section4\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-orange-section\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/MARKETING-MIX-Content-Place-Icon-Color-2.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eDigital Platforms and BIM Integration\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-orange-section blur_box\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTutor Perini uses Building Information Modeling (BIM) and cloud collaboration tools to centralize project data across North America, cutting coordination time by about 18% and reducing RFIs (requests for information) by 22% in 2024.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese platforms serve as a virtual workplace where architects, engineers, and project managers co-edit and review plans in real time, enabling updates to reach all stakeholders by end-2025 and supporting over $1.6B in active backlog projects.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBIM + cloud cut coordination time ~18%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRFIs down ~22% (2024)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAll stakeholders on current plans by end-2025\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupports $1.6B active backlog\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_green\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-orange-section4\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-orange-section\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/MARKETING-MIX-Content-Place-Icon-Color-2.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eTargeted High-Growth Infrastructure Corridors\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-orange-section blur_box\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTutor Perini targets corridors where federal and state infrastructure allocations concentrate, aligning bids with the $1.2 trillion Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (2021) and $550B state-level programs to capture multi-year builds.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy tracking legislative appropriations and municipal plans, the firm wins larger contracts—backlog was $2.3B at end-2024—supporting steady revenue in resilient sectors like transit and water.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFocus: IIJA+state funds, $1.75T combined\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBacklog: $2.3B (2024 year-end)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget sectors: transit, water, highways\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApproach: legislative tracking + urban plans\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_green\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/MARKETING-MIX-Content-Place-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eTutor Perini: $3.2B Revenue, $2.3B Backlog, 150+ Projects—82% On‑Time Delivery\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTutor Perini concentrates in US\/Canada infrastructure corridors (CA, TX, NY, ON, QC), running 150+ large projects with $2.3B backlog and $3.2B 2024 revenue; regional hubs + on-site offices cut mobilization 40%, RFIs 22%, and raised on-time delivery to 82%; BIM\/cloud support $1.6B active backlog and 18% faster coordination.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"tbl_prdct green_head blur_tbl\"\u003e\n\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMetric\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth\u003e2024\/2025\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eRevenue\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e$3.2B\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBacklog\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e$2.3B\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eActive backlog\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e$1.6B\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eProjects\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e150+\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_green\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"text-section text-1_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: #3BB77E;\"\u003eWhat You See Is What You Get\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTutor Perini 4P's Marketing Mix Analysis\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe preview shown here is the actual Tutor Perini 4P's Marketing Mix analysis you’ll receive instantly after purchase—fully complete and ready to use, with no surprises.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is the same editable, high-quality document included with your order, covering Product, Price, Place, and Promotion in structured detail.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou're viewing the exact final version you'll download immediately after checkout, ideal for presentations, strategy, or further customization.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"image-section image-1_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Explore-Preview.svg\" alt=\"Explore a Preview\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"MatrixBCG","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56750780055929,"sku":"tutorperini-marketing-mix","price":10.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0911\/3554\/1625\/files\/tutorperini-marketing-mix.png?v=1772226309","url":"https:\/\/growthsharematrix.com\/products\/tutorperini-marketing-mix","provider":"Growth Share Matrix","version":"1.0","type":"link"}